Overview of Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular Heart Nodes

Dualism And Its Effects On The World - 1870 Words

Introduction The incredible success of the physical sciences in the past few centuries has brought with it a new view of our place in the world. While technology and medicine have made huge strides in giving our species an upper-hand in the fight for survival, elegant physical theories have given us a deeper understanding of the universe itself; having opened Pandora s Box, most of us are ready to hail the rise of Physicalism, confident that we will soon have a complete understanding of the world and all its workings. But despite its success in nearly every other area, the physicalist worldview meets with a particular problem in the area of the mind. While elegant and sometimes-convincing theories have been put forth to rid our philosophy of Descartes s troublesome specter, they have each come up against various obstacles and, sometimes, dead-ends. While phlogiston, the ether, and à ©lan vital have been gracefully put to rest, Dualism has, for better or worse, stuck around. Here I w ill briefly discuss a few of the proposed alternatives to Dualism and some of the issues they have encountered, with the aim to show that, unlike those subjects covered by the physical sciences, the mind brings it some unique properties that may simply not lend themselves to physical explanation. Ryle s Onslaught and the Behaviorists In his book The Concept of Mind, Gilbert Ryle made a seminal argument that would contribute to a then-blossoming resistance to Rene Descartes s immaterial,Show MoreRelatedThe Mind Body Problem By Mark Rowlands957 Words   |  4 Pageszombie and how true love has the power to turn this creature into a real man again. As stated later, according to the dualism, zombies do not exist, so that whole story line can be thrown out the window. Dualism separates the properties of the mind and the body. By looking at the mind-body problem, the aspects of dualism in it, and the supporting and opposing arguments for dualism, one can understand what the mind truly is. First of all, what is the mind-body problem. Mark Rowlands defines the mind-bodyRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Mind And The Body1646 Words   |  7 Pagesused to treat individuals as the bearers of unobservable psychological states and processes, and in order to anticipate and explain the individual’s behavior in terms of states. Dualism, a philosophy most defended by Rene Descartes, Believed that there are two concepts to philosophy, regarding the mind and the body. Dualism, is possibly the oldest and the most intuitive of the philosophies of mind, however within the modern psychology, this philosophy is a minority view among psychologists. This theoryRead MoreProperty Dualism1389 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay assesses property dualism, a theory of mind. It proclaims the existence of a single, physical substance (unlike Cartesian dualism), but argues that this single substance has two potential properties: physical and mental states that are not reducible. The idea that mental states are non-reducible properties of brain states is the central tenant of a theory of mind called property dualism. However, before we can assess the theory we must be aware that the question assumes the existenceRead MoreThe Mind Is An Immaterial Soul Essay1139 Words   |  5 Pages In this paper I will refute the view that the mind is an immaterial soul by highlighting how substance dualism lacks explanatory power. To successfully dismantle the contentions offered by substance dualism, I will present two arguments illustrating how ineffectual this theory is at explaining everyday phenomena. My intention in doing so is to stress how theories that lack explanatory power in comparison to other, more robust, theories can be generally regarded as weaker. Once my arguments haveRead MoreDualism And The Mind Body Problem Essay1223 Words   |  5 PagesDualism and the Mind-Body Problem The mind is perhaps the most fascinating part of the human body due to its complexity and ability to rationalize. In essence, the mind-body problem studies the relation of the mind to the body, and states that each human being seems to embody two unique and somewhat contradictory natures. Each human contains both a nature of matter and physicality, just like any other object that contains atoms in the universe. However, mankind also is constituted of something beyondRead MoreThe Mind Body Problem : Phineas Gage1489 Words   |  6 Pagesemotions, etc., in organisms. Physicalism, dualism, and functionalism all have their unique explanation for the mind-body problem’s implication of Phineas Gage’s accident. Physicalism is a philosophical theory that attempts to solve the mind-body problem with its explanation of the results of the interactions between our brains and our bodies. Physicalism explains that everything in the universe is made up of physical substances and their extensions in this world. Physicalism states that emotional statesRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Matter1179 Words   |  5 Pagesseparation of mind and body is known as dualism. It’s opposing belief, monism, is a more scientific view of the mind body problem in that they rely commonly on only what they can observe in the body being that they believe that the body and mind are one. I don’t discredit the work and possibility of the existence of the monist view, I simply am an optimistic and found the dualist approach more appealing in approaching the mind body problem. The theory of mind-body dualism created by Rene Descartes, a famousRead MoreExploring the Different Theories Involved in the Mind and Body Problem1654 Words   |  7 Pagesso on. The mind is that which is responsible for one’s thoughts and feelings, the seat of the faculty of reason. What is the mind and body problem? We have a conception of at least 2 different kinds of things that exist in the world mental and physical here are a few examples: Mental Physical Pain Mount Everest Euphoria Hydrogen Desire Read MoreThe Mind / Brain Identity Theory1718 Words   |  7 Pagesto the world through different mental and corporeal experiences. The former is associated with one having a (non-physical) mind, which contains beliefs, desires, feelings and so on, while the latter involves having a (physical) brain. The Mind/Body problem questions whether the mind and brain are the same or different objects. For a long time, the interpretation of these experiences has been much debated by philosophers and scientists. One influential interpretation is Descartes’s Dualism of substancesRead MoreFor Years, Philosophers Have Debated The Mind-Body Problem,1195 Words   |  5 Pagesthe physical world. Philosopher Descartes believed in substance dualism, the belief that the mind and the body are two different things. In this essay, I will examine Descartes’ substance dualism theory. First, I will review Descartes’s theory and reasons that support it. Then, I will review objections with Descartes’s argument. After that, I will imagine how Descartes would respond to these objections. Finally, I will conclude with an overall assessment. Descartes’ substance dualism theory was formed

Pvr Project Synopsis free essay sample

Synopsis Team: Project leader: Tanay Sharma Team Member: Sahil Rana, Nitish Bhardwaj, Prabhat Kumar Email – id: [emailprotected] com, sahil. [emailprotected] com Introduction Priya Village Roadshow (PVR) is the largest cinema exhibition player in India, which introduced the concept of multiplexes in the country in 1997 and redefined the movie viewing experience of the Indian audience. In 2004, the company also diversified into movie distribution. With many firsts to its credit, PVR opened multiplexes in the National Capital Region (NCR) of India and other metros like Mumbai, Bangalore and Hyderabad in 2006. Apart from giving just the services of movies, PVR is indulged in providing many leisure services to its customers which is enhancing its customer database. They are adopting several marketing strategies in order to promote these strategies and make people to have a good experience rather than just watching the movie. We look at PVR Cinemas in particular and the multiplex film exhibition business in general to identify factors that are critical to the success of PVR Cinemas in this business. We will write a custom essay sample on Pvr Project Synopsis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is clear that marketing plays more than a token part in the running of a business and promoting leisure services. At first glance they appear very diverse but there are marketing strategies that link many facilities together in their approach. All these facilities tell that the customers are different in terms of pricing, with the customers being hit with a higher one off payment and the host receiving an incentive of cheaper payment in return for consumer loyalty. It is the marketing that is the difference and which sees that one organization is far ahead of the other. This brings into question the ‘needs’ of the community. Objectives and aim: To understand the movie exhibition business of PVR and the factors that led to the inception of the multiplex concept and leisure services To determine the growth strategies of PVR in the multiplex business TO determine the service marketing principles and the service quality of PVR To find out the marketing strategies of PVR in promoting the leisure services. Methodology: The research is carried out by using random sampling method. Consumer analysis is done with the help of various structured and unstructured questionnaires. The query is done with the existing staff of the PVR as to find out what all activities are carried out in order to promote the business. The duration of the research and completion of research is 30 days in which the total retail experience is also taken into account. Rationale: The purpose of the study is to find out how PVR differentiates itself from the other competitors and why do customers prefer the movie experience at PVR rather than anywhere else. The impact of the leisure services provided as per the different paying needs of the customers is seen and analyzed. The limitations of this approach are also taken into account and the effects of those are also analyzed. A study of the total retail experience is done considering the fact that PVR is having an entire segment of their own.

Slavery and the Old South

Slavery was characterized by poverty and forced labor. Slaves never had freedom and rarely enjoyed material comfort beyond the bare basic needs. Their lives were characterized by diseases, suffering, and poor diet. They were subjected to hard labor with beatings that reflected the authority of their masters.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Slavery and the Old South specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Their housing were majorly crowded with poor sanitation. The routines of work consisted of long working hours. They experienced both physical and mental torture since their masters employed force and violence to obtain what they required from them. The nature of slavery worsened because they received poor treatment that lead to high death rates. The major cause of the changes in slavery was the hatred towards oppression (Goldfield, et. al, 39).The changes occurred in the attitudes of the slaves towards the white in the South. There was a general feeling of antagonism and resistance. They saw their master as people who used them as beasts of burden; hence, suspicion and resentment among the slaves grew into hatred. The culture of the slaves greatly influenced their lives of being defiant. They were also influenced by the African culture that they maintained. They believed in the spirits, and made their accomplishments in music and dance. They believed in religion and their families served as a source of support. However, their families were disintegrated by the sale of their members. The slaves tried to defy the slavery system and used religion as a tool to support the revolt. Faith sustained them and enhanced a sense of racial identity. The resistance to slavery was through fearless revolts. The consequences of rebellion were important to the slaves in various ways. Most of them got an opportunity to become literate by knowing how to read and write (Goldfield, et. al, 54). The geography of the Sou th greatly influenced the revolts; however, the militias were prepared to suppress the revolt. This experience changed the slaves’ actions. The freed slaves worked as manual laborers and changed various working sites. Furthermore, the rebellion also included theft and runaways. Due to the increase in political conflict between the North and the South, fears increased over the slave rebellion which led to increased restrictions on the slaves. Fugitive slaves were captured, aided by the Law that also required that those who never owned slaves to support the slavery system. The manufacturers in the South felt the impact of using the slaves. Slave ownership was translated into political power and it was a basis of wealth and free standing. It guaranteed wealth due to the production of cotton in large scale. Hence, it was held as an investment and a commodity since slaves were highly valued ((Goldfield, et. al, 57).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In conclusion, the slave system was embedded into the economic development of the South. However, the conflict in slave ownership led to antislavery movements. The end of the row between the slave owners and non-slave owners narrowed down slavery. This aggravated the risks in entering into the cotton business since the cost of the slaves increased. The slave system was finally abolished due to the thought that the system weakened the economy of many whites and the South. Slavery in the South declined due to immigration that provided cheap labor. There were more revolts against oppression that led to abolitionists, expansion westwards that made slave codes harsher. Works Cited Goldfield, Davis, et. al. The American Journey: The History of the United States. Second Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001. This essay on Slavery and the Old South was written and submitted by user Kamille Beck to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Reign Of Louis The Xvi Essays - Knights Of The Golden Fleece

Reign Of Louis The Xvi There is great mystery surrounding the death of Louis XVI. Many different events led up to this. His actions before, during, and after the French Revolution greatly affected his fate. The French Revolution was a very important time period in European history. However, the situation in France under Louis XVI, was a negative one. France had great financial problems and it was infested with plagues of all sorts. A lot of the financial problems were because of the American Revolution, among many other wars. Because so much financial aid was given to armies in these wars, Louis XVI was forced to raise taxes on much of the nobility. The financial problems only got worse in the following years because the government went bankrupt. Much of the blame for this was placed on Louis XVI. He was described as a weak, stupid, and incapable king. He was often more concerned with his own affairs than the affairs of his own people. He very rarely did his own work, much of the time leaving the work up to advisors and ministers. He used much of the peoples money for his own entertainment. He also spent a lot of money on his wife, Marie Antoinette. He listened to his wife a lot, which may not have been the best idea for him. She convinced him to ignore the financial problems in France and spend all the money on her. She also told him to fire some chief advisors, important advisors that probably could have prevented the French Revolution for ever happening. He never attempted to pay back any of the debt, he kept spending more money, making the predicament worse. There became tensions between the social classes, often between nobility and the peasants. Living conditions were very poor. The nobles had all the right, while the peasants were stepped on by everybody. Nobles had a say in public affairs, were entitled to a trail at special courts, and enjoyed financial advantages. They paid the basic tax once a year and that was it. Peasants and commoners made up 80 percent of the population. They struggled to survive and were heavily taxed. All the money peasants made went to taxes and bread. Peasant unemployment resulted in many homeless citizens, emigration, and death . People became homeless because they could not afford to pay taxes. The crisis of Europe was felt the most in France. As population increased, inadequate agriculture productivity and bad harvests came along too. Soon the price of grain was more than the peasants wages. Also, the standard of living declined. Even though the whole situation was not Louis XVIs personal fault, the decisions and choices he made, made the situation even worse. During his reign he made some very poor decisions that could have influenced the end result of the French Revolution. He was influenced greatly by many people around him. One of these people was Finance Minister Jauques Necker. Throughout Louis XVIs reign, he was often helped, supported, and even betrayed by Necker. Necker made a lot of the kings decisions and persuaded him. He seemed to be on Louiss side but then Necker published an account of the royal finances, which showed the heavy costs of the privileges and favoritism. This action did not lo ok good for the monarchy. Necker was soon fired. His wife influenced him to attend to the interests of Austria and ignore the financial crisis in France. It was also her idea to fire one of his most trusted advisors who may have been able to actually prevent the revolution. Her lifestyle and the fact that she was a foreigner made her very unpopular with the public. In the late 1780s both classes were unhappy with the financial situation and wanted a change. However, Louis never took advantage of this situation to create new reforms and gain the support of the people. Under pressure from nobility and other powers, Louis agreed to meet with the Estates-General. This provided more controversy and provided a stronger force against the French monarchy. European History

The major backbone of the economy Essay Example

The major backbone of the economy Essay Example The major backbone of the economy Essay The major backbone of the economy Essay India has started the innovations in financial markets very late. Some of the recent developments initiated by the regulatory authorities are very important in this respect. Futures trading have been permitted in certain commodity exchanges. Mumbai Stock Exchange has started futures trading in cottonseed and cotton under the BOOE and under the East India Cotton Association. Necessary infrastructure has been created by the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) for trading in stock index futures and the commencement of operations in selected scripts. Liberalised exchange rate management system has been introduced in the year 1992 for regulating the flow of foreign exchange. A committee headed by S. S. Tarapore was constituted to go into the merits of full convertibility on capital accounts. RBI has initiated measures for freeing the interest rate structure. It has also envisioned Mumbai Inter Bank Offer Rate (MIBOR) on the line of London Inter Bank Offer Rate (LIBOR) as a step towards introducing Futures trading in Interest Rates and Forex. Badla transactions have been banned in all 23 stock exchanges from July 2001. NSE has started trading in index options based on the NIFTY and certain Stocks. In the decade of 1990s revolutionary changes took place in the institutional infrastructure in Indias equity market. It has led to wholly new ideas in market design that has come to dominate the market. These new institutional arrangements, coupled with the widespread knowledge and orientation towards equity investment and speculation, have combined to provide an environment where the equity spot market is now Indias most sophisticated financial market. One aspect of the sophistication of the equity market is seen in the levels of market liquidity that are now visible. The market impact cost of doing program trades of Rs. 5 million at the NIFTY index is around 0. 2%. This state of liquidity on the equity spot market does well for the market efficiency, which will be observed if the index futures market when trading commences. Indias equity spot market is dominated by a new practice called Futures Style settlement or account period settlement. In its present scene, trades on the largest stock exchange (NSE) are netted from Wednesday morning till Tuesday evening, and only the net open position as of Tuesday evening is settled. The future style settlement has proved to be an ideal launching pad for the skills that are required for futures trading. Stock trading is widely prevalent in India, hence it seems easy to think that derivatives based on individual securities could be very important. The index is the counter piece of portfolio analysis in modern financial economies. Index fluctuations affect all portfolios. The index is much harder to manipulate. This is particularly important given the weaknesses of Law Enforcement in India, which have made numerous manipulative episodes possible. The market capitalisation of the NSE-50 index is Rs. 2. 6 trillion. This is six times larger than the market capitalisation of the largest stock and 500 times larger than stocks such as Sterlite, BPL and Videocon. If market manipulation is used to artificially obtain 10% move in the price of a stock with a 10% weight in the NIFTY, this yields a 1% in the NIFTY. Cash settlements, which is universally used with index derivatives, also helps in terms of reducing the vulnerability to market manipulation, in so far as the short-squeeze is not a problem. Thus, index derivatives are inherently less vulnerable to market manipulation. A good index is a sound trade of between diversification and liquidity. In India the traditional index- the BSE sensitive index was created by a committee of stockbrokers in 1986. It predates a modern understanding of issues in index construction and recognition of the pivotal role of the market index in modern finance. The flows of this index and the importance of the market index in modern finance, motivated the development of the NSE-50 index in late 1995. Many mutual funds have now adopted the NIFTY as the benchmark for their performance evaluation efforts. If the stock derivatives have to come about, the should restricted to the most liquid stocks. Membership in the NSE-50 index appeared to be a fair test of liquidity. The 50 stocks in the NIFTY are assuredly the most liquid stocks in India. The choice of Futures vs. Options is often debated. The difference between these instruments is smaller than, commonly imagined, for a futures position is identical to an appropriately chosen long call and short put position. Hence, futures position can always be created once options exist. Individuals or firms can choose to employ positions where their downside and exposure is capped by using options. Risk management of the futures clearing is more complex when options are in the picture. When portfolios contain options, the calculation of initial price requires greater skill and more powerful computers. The skills required for pricing options are greater than those required in pricing futures. In India, the futures market for commodities evolved by the setting up of the Bombay Cotton Trade Association Ltd. , in 1875. A separate association by the name Bombay Cotton Exchange Ltd was established following widespread discontent amongst leading cotton mill owners and merchants over the functioning of the Bombay Cotton Trade Association. With the setting up of the Gujarati Vyapari Mandali in 1900, the futures trading in oilseed began. Commodities like groundnut, castor seed and cotton etc began to be exchanged. Raw jute and jute goods began to be traded in Calcutta with the establishment of the Calcutta Hessian Exchange Ltd. in 1919. The most notable centres for existence of futures market for wheat were the Chamber of Commerce at Hapur, which was established in 1913. Other markets were located at Amritsar, Moga, Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Fazilka, Dhuri, Barnala and Bhatinda in Punjab and Muzaffarnagar, Chandausi, Meerut, Saharanpur, Hathras, Gaziabad, Sikenderabad and Barielly in U. P. The Bullion Futures market began in Bombay in 1990. After the economic reforms in 1991 and the trade liberalization, the Govt. of India appointed in June 1993 one more committee on Forward Markets under Chairmanship of Prof. K. N. Kabra. The Committee recommended that futures trading be introduced in basmati rice, cotton, raw jute and jute goods, groundnut, rapeseed/mustard seed, cottonseed, sesame seed, sunflower seed, safflower seed, copra and soybean, and oils and oilcakes of all of them, rice bran oil, castor oil and its oilcake, linseed, silver and onions. All over the world commodity trade forms the major backbone of the economy. In India, trading volumes in the commodity market have also seen a steady rise to Rs 5,71,000 crore in FY05 from Rs 1,29,000 crore in FY04. In the current fiscal year, trading volumes in the commodity market have already crossed Rs 3,50,000 crore in the first four months of trading. Some of the commodities traded in India include Agricultural Commodities like Rice Wheat, Soya, Groundnut, Tea, Coffee, Jute, Rubber, Spices, Cotton, Precious Metals like Gold Silver, Base Metals like Iron Ore, Aluminium, Nickel, Lead, Zinc and Energy Commodities like crude oil, coal. Commodities form around 50% of the Indian GDP. Though there are no institutions or banks in commodity exchanges, as yet, the market for commodities is bigger than the market for securities. Commodities market is estimated to be around Rs 44,00,000 Crores in future. Assuming a future trading multiple is about 4 times the physical market, in many countries it is much higher at around 10 times.

Econ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Econ - Essay Example Ontario, a significant province of Canada, has pathetically been suffering from the clutches of income inequality post the global financial recession. Per capita income in Canada has actually reduced y a massive $6,900 in the year 2009-2010 than what it had been in 2008-2009. It is widely being noted that the province would continue to endure its sufferance as long as the domestic industrial units decide to break out of their stagnant situation. Furthermore, the rate of unemployment in the nation is high as are the extents of looming poverty and high-school drop-out rates in the economy. Ontario’s Task Force has been striving hard to figure out the true picture of the nation in terms of economic progress, competitiveness and productivity. In addition, the committee is also researching upon the ways through which positive changes could be brought about in the nation. Although Canada has emerged out of a recessionary phase, as being claimed by the national government, the aftermath impact of the same has not been eradicated completely. According to the ninth annual report being presented by the Task Force, the rate of economic progress of the region is still much lower than that during the pre-recessional period. The brunt is especially intense upon Ontario which is both the commercial capital and industrial heartland of the nation. The region which is especially dependent upon export revenues is likely to face hardships in future due to a fall in export demands given that the demanding economies still have not recouped from their plight. Its misery is quite anticipated too, as the national government has cut down the targeted rate of economic growth in the next fiscal. Being a victim of hard times, the provincial government is found to be inventing methods to revive the region, which plays a huge role in the economic progress of the nation as a whole, out of